ABSTRACT
Art is a powerful tool for conveying scientific discovery. Despite the perceived gap between art and science, as highlighted by CP Snow and others, examples of art communicating science can be found in the ancient world, the Renaissance and contemporary data visualization, demonstrating an enduring and historic connection. However, much of science relies on visual elements, excluding those with blindness, low vision and diverse needs, resulting in their low representation in STEM discourse. This paper introduces a novel science and art collaboration in the form of an exhibition program exploring the concepts of Immunology and Biomedicine to blind and vision-impaired audiences, capitalizing on the lived experience of a legally blind artist. Employing multisensory design, art and co-creation methodologies, it transcends traditional vision-based science communication, showcasing the potential for multisensory art to bridge the gap at the intersection of science and inclusion.
Subject(s)
Allergy and Immunology , Art , Humans , Allergy and Immunology/history , Blindness/immunology , Blindness/therapy , Vision, Low/immunology , ScienceABSTRACT
This "Focus on Immunology" issue brings Cell's 50th anniversary celebrations straight to your lymph nodes! Special Leading Edge articles highlight the exciting past, present, and future of the increasingly interdisciplinary field of immunology.
Subject(s)
Allergy and Immunology , Humans , Allergy and Immunology/history , Animals , Lymph Nodes/immunologyABSTRACT
Over the past 50 years in the field of immunology, something of a Copernican revolution has happened. For a long time, immunologists were mainly concerned with what is termed adaptive immunity, which involves the exquisitely specific activities of lymphocytes. But the other arm of immunity, so-called "innate immunity," had been neglected. To celebrate Cell's 50th anniversary, we have put together a review of the processes and components of innate immunity and trace the seminal contributions leading to the modern state of this field. Innate immunity has joined adaptive immunity in the center of interest for all those who study the body's defenses, as well as homeostasis and pathology. We are now entering the era where therapeutic targeting of innate immune receptors and downstream signals hold substantial promise for infectious and inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Subject(s)
Immunity, Innate , Humans , Animals , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Adaptive Immunity , Allergy and Immunology/historyABSTRACT
In this short review, examples of unnecessary multiple names of cell membrane molecules, for example, immune checkpoints and cytokines, are presented. Moreover, ridiculous or inaccurate names, such as 'Regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted' and 'tissue factor', are discussed.
Subject(s)
Allergy and Immunology , Terminology as Topic , Humans , Allergy and Immunology/history , Cytokines/immunology , Animals , Immune Checkpoint Proteins/genetics , Immune Checkpoint Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
This Commentary article reviews the history of veterinary immunology in Australia from the 1980s and discusses the key people and areas of research during this period.
Subject(s)
Allergy and Immunology , Veterinary Medicine , Australia , Veterinary Medicine/history , Allergy and Immunology/history , History, 20th CenturyABSTRACT
Bo Zhong studies the regulation of the antiviral innate immunity, inflammation, and tumorigenesis by the protein ubiquitination system.
Subject(s)
Allergy and Immunology/history , Immunity, Innate , Ubiquitination , Virology/history , Animals , China , History, 21st Century , Host-Pathogen Interactions , HumansABSTRACT
This article honors the memory of Nilabh Shastri by recounting the messages sent to him by his friend and colleagues. In addition to his obvious gifts as a scientist, he was a treasured mentor, colleague and friend who enriched the lives of those he touched.
Subject(s)
Allergy and Immunology/history , Mentoring , Students , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , HumansABSTRACT
In this article, we describe the development of the plant immunity field, starting with efforts to understand the genetic basis for disease resistance, which â¼30 y ago led to the discovery of diverse classes of immune receptors that recognize and respond to infectious microbes. We focus on knowledge gained from studies of the rice XA21 immune receptor that recognizes RaxX (required for activation of XA21 mediated immunity X), a sulfated microbial peptide secreted by the gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. XA21 is representative of a large class of plant and animal immune receptors that recognize and respond to conserved microbial molecules. We highlight the complexity of this large class of receptors in plants, discuss a possible role for RaxX in Xanthomonas biology, and draw attention to the important role of sulfotyrosine in mediating receptor-ligand interactions.
Subject(s)
Disease Resistance/immunology , Oryza/immunology , Plant Proteins/immunology , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/immunology , Agriculture/history , Allergy and Immunology/history , Allergy and Immunology/trends , Bacterial Infections/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Disease Resistance/genetics , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Peptides/chemistry , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Plant Immunity/immunology , Plant Proteins/genetics , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolismABSTRACT
The Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) was founded on 15 October 1954 in London by a group of 48 international allergists and immunologists from 18 countries of all continents, among them such distinguished scientists as Carl Prausnitz-Giles, Sir Henry Dale, Paul Kallos, and many others. Contrary to other international associations in the field, this Collegium limited the number of members in order to allow more intense and open discussions in "the humble spirit of scientific enquiry, friendly cooperation, good fellowship and professional relationships in the field of allergy" as stated in the statutes. It is not possible to apply for membership, and one has to be proposed by at least 2 CIA members and invited to present at least once at a symposium. Over the decades, a rhythm of biannual symposia developed, the 32nd held in Palma de Mallorca in October 2018. These symposia went around the world from London, Rome, Copenhagen, New Orleans, Puerto Vallarta, Nantucket, Hakone, Konstanz, Goeteborg, and Sorrento, just to name a few places. Preferably they were held on islands such as Capri, Corfu, Martinique, Curacao, Bornholm, Malta, and Ischia in order to make it more difficult for people to arrive late or leave early. It is expected that participants stay over the whole length of the 5-day symposium. On these symposia, it is good custom to also present unpublished data, so participants get the latest news. The most important developments in the field of Allergy and Clinical Immunology have been discussed at early stage and sometimes by speakers who later won the Nobel Prize. While all presentations are equal, be it oral communications or posters, there are 3 special lectures, namely the Carl Prausnitz lecture, the Paul Kallos lecture, and a "Relaxing from Immunology" lecture which can be devoted to any interesting topic not necessarily related to medicine or allergy. Since many years, the contents of the symposium are published in a proceedings volume, over a longtime printed within the "International Archives of Allergy and Immunology" which until now is the official journal of the Collegium. Participants agree that in the flood of more and more scientific congresses and larger events, the CIA Symposia are unique in their openness and friendly scientific interchange.